Having a car 拥有一辆汽车

• have/own/ (BrE) run a car 有一辆汽车
• ride a motorcycle/motorbike 骑摩托车
• drive/prefer/use an automatic/a manual/ (NAmE, informal) a stick shift 开/喜欢/用自动挡/手动挡汽车
• have/get your car serviced/fixed/repaired 给汽车做一次保养/维修一下/修理一下
• buy/sell a used car/ (especially BrE) a second-hand car 买/卖二手车
• take/pass/fail a (BrE) driving test/ (both NAmE) driver's test/road test 参加/通过/未通过驾照考试/道路考试
• get/obtain/have/lose/carry a/your (BrE) driving licence/ (NAmE) driver's license 得到/拥有/丢失/携带驾照

Driving 驾驶

• put on/fasten/ (NAmE) buckle/wear/undo your seat belt/safety belt 系上/解开安全带
• put/turn/leave the key in the ignition 把钥匙插进点火开关；转动钥匙点火；把钥匙留在点火开关
• start the car/engine 发动汽车/引擎
• (BrE) change/ (NAmE) shift/put sth into gear 换挡；挂上挡
• press/put your foot on the brake pedal/clutch/accelerator 踩刹车/离合器/油门
• release the clutch/ (especially BrE) the handbrake/ (both NAmE) the emergency brake/the parking brake 松开离合器/手刹
• drive/park/reverse the car 驾车；停车；倒车
• (BrE) indicate left/right 示意左转/右转
• (especially NAmE) signal that you are turning left/right 示意左转/右转
• take/miss (BrE) the turning/ (especially NAmE) the turn 拐弯；错过拐弯处
• apply/hit/slam on the brake(s) 踩刹车；猛踩刹车
• beep/honk/ (especially BrE) toot/ (BrE) sound your horn 按喇叭

Problems and accidents 问题及事故

• a car skids/crashes (into sth)/collides (with sth) 车打滑/撞上（某物）/（与某物）相撞
• swerve to avoid an oncoming car/a pedestrian 猛地转弯以避开迎面来的车/行人
• crash/lose control of the car 撞车；车失控
• have/be in/be killed in/survive a car crash/a car accident/ (NAmE) a car wreck/a hit-and-run 出车祸/肇事逃逸事故；在车祸/肇事逃逸事故中丧生；幸免于车祸/肇事逃逸事故
• be run over/knocked down by a car/bus/truck 被汽车/公交车/大卡车轧过/撞倒
• dent/hit (BrE) the bonnet/ (NAmE) the hood 撞凹/撞上引擎盖
• break/crack/shatter (BrE) the windscreen/ (NAmE) the windshield 打碎挡风玻璃
• blow/ (especially BrE) burst/puncture (BrE) a tyre/ (NAmE) a tire 爆胎；扎破轮胎
• get/have (BrE) a flat tyre/a flat tire/a puncture 胎瘪了；轮胎被扎破了
• inflate/change/fit/replace/check a tyre/tire 给轮胎充气；更换/安装/更换/检查轮胎

Traffic and driving regulations 交通法规

• be caught in/get stuck in/sit in a traffic jam 遇上堵车
• cause congestion/tailbacks/traffic jams/gridlock 引起交通堵塞
• experience/face lengthy delays 经历/面临长时间的延误
• beat/avoid the traffic/the rush hour 避开交通高峰时段
• break/observe/ (NAmE) drive the speed limit 超速行驶；遵守速度限制；限速行驶
• be caught on (BrE) a speed camera 被测速摄像机逮住
• stop sb for/pull sb over for/ (BrE, informal) be done for speeding 因超速被要求停车/停靠路边/被逮住
• (both informal) run/ (BrE) jump a red light/the lights 闯红灯
• be arrested for/charged with (BrE) drink-driving/ (both US) driving under the influence (DUI)/driving while intoxicated (DWI) 因酒后驾车/醉酒驾车被逮捕/起诉
• be banned/ (BrE) disqualified from driving 被禁止驾车；被取消驾驶资格

These are all words for the things that you need for a particular purpose or activity. 以上各词均指特定目的或活动所需的材料、设备、器材。

• equipment the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity 指特定目的或活动所需的设备、器材：◆camping equipment 野营装备◆a piece of equipment 一件设备
• material things that are needed for a particular activity 指特定活动所需的材料：◆household cleaning materials 家用清洁剂◆teaching material 教学材料

equipment or material? 用 equipment 还是 material？

Equipment is usually solid things, especially large ones. Materials may be liquids, powders or books, CDs, etc. containing information, as well as small solid items. * equipment 通常指固体材料，尤其是大型设备器材；material 除指小型固体材料外，还可指液体、粉末、书籍、信息光盘等。

• gear the equipment or clothes needed for a particular activity 指某种活动所需的设备、用具、衣服：◆Skiing gear can be expensive. 滑雪装备有时会很昂贵。
• kit a set of tools or equipment that you use for a particular purpose 指用于特定目的的成套工具、成套设备：◆a first-aid kit 一套急救用品◆a tool kit 一套工具
• apparatus the tools or other pieces of equipment that are needed for a particular activity or task 指特定活动或任务所需的仪器、器械、装置：◆breathing apparatus for firefighters 消防员用的呼吸器◆laboratory apparatus 实验室仪器 NOTE Apparatus is used especially for scientific, medical or technical purposes. * apparatus 尤具有科学、医学或技术等方面的用途。

Patterns

• electrical/electronic equipment/gear/apparatus
• sports equipment/gear/kit
• camping equipment/gear
• a piece of equipment/apparatus

These are all words for the things that you wear, such as shirts, jackets, dresses and trousers/pants. 以上各词均指衣服、服装。

• clothes [pl.] the things that you wear, such as shirts, jackets, dresses and trousers/pants 指衣服、服装
• clothing [U] (rather formal) clothes, especially a particular type of clothes 指衣服，尤指某种类型的服装：◆warm clothing 保暖服

clothes or clothing? 用 clothes 还是 clothing？

Clothing is more formal than clothes and is used especially to mean 'a particular type of clothes'. There is no singular form of clothes or clothing: a piece/an item/an article of clothing is used to talk about one thing that you wear such as a dress or shirt. * clothing 较 clothes 更正式，尤用以指某种类型的服装。clothes 或 clothing 无单数形式，指一件衣服用 a piece/an item/an article of clothing。

• garment (formal) a piece of clothing 指一件衣服：◆He was wearing a strange shapeless garment. 他穿着一件不成形的奇怪衣服。 NOTE Garment should only be used in formal or literary contexts; in everyday contexts use a piece of clothing. * garment 只用于正式场合或文学语境，在日常生活中，一件衣服用 a piece of clothing。
• dress [U] clothes, especially when worn in a particular style or for a particular occasion 指着装、衣着，尤指某种样式或某种场合穿的衣服：◆We were allowed to wear casual dress on Fridays. 我们在星期五可以穿便服。
• wear [U] (usually in compounds) clothes for a particular purpose or occasion, especially when it is being sold in shops/stores （通常构成复合词）指为特定用途或场合穿的衣服，尤指商店中售卖的衣服：◆the children's wear department 童装部
• gear [U] (informal) clothes 指衣服、服装：◆Her friends were all wearing the latest gear(= fashionable clothes). 她的朋友都穿着最新款的衣服。

Patterns

• casual clothes/clothing/dress/wear/gear
• evening/formal clothes/dress/wear
• designer/sports clothes/clothing/garments/wear/gear
• children's/men's/women's clothes/clothing/garments/wear
• to have on/be in/wear …clothes/garments/dress/gear